Surrealism

__**Surrealism**__ Note English and Spanish texts below

__**Surrealist Artists**__

Salvatore Dali, Spanish Catalan, passionate, a little crazy, went for the shock value of his work. Became a global celebrity. Wife, Gala a Russian of some wealth, she was his muse and inspiration; she was also his manager and business partner.

Rene Magritte, Belgium, Looked at work as puzzles, paintings were quiet, cool, asked to be talked about, interesting because his objects were everyday objects that we all knew, “visible things can be invisible”, a key ingredient in his work, juxtaposition

Juxtaposition – contrasts, opposites — one thing placed in an opposing place. surreal — more real than real, dreamlike like, caught in a dream not logical, from the subconscious Symbolic or making something stand for something else, examples — melting watches, boller hats and black long coats, the eye ball.

Take the literal and or the concrete and place them in a contrasting place/position. example: the Pearly Gates? Made from pearls? Streets in gold? Heart like a wheel? Wings on the feet? Windows are the eyes to the soul?

Man Ray Max Ernst Hannah Hoch Leonora Carrington Andre Breton Yves Tanguy Frida Kahlo Marcel DuChamp Georgio de Chirico Giuseppe Acrimboldo



Surrealism

1924 – 1960’s

Andre Breton, founder, poet, believed in Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx.

Believed that rational thought, reasoning and logic was the root of the world’s problems. People should use their subconscious to relate to the world, to see, to feel, to dream.

Movements that led to surrealism – Cubism, Fauvism For its liberal composition and use of bright color and Dada for it’s reasoning that the subconscious should rule.

Cubism helped to shape surrealism because the cubist artist deconstructed or took apart their images and then re configured them-put them back together. They also worked in collage, which used found images and glued them together.

The surrealist movement led to several techniques for making art. 1) Automatic writing or drawing. Here you draw or write without thinking or linking thoughts together. The result is the only reality. 2) Collaborative art making, here the artists work without real knowledge of the intent. In other words one artist make a mark or draws something and the next artist adds to that without knowing what the first artist did or intended to do. In some case the artist merely just worked together without the worry of whether the final piece made sense. 3) Chance, throw the dice, and blindly pick a color or image and go. Much like automatic drawing, it differed in that images, shapes, colors were just grabbed and used. Mistakes and miscalculations were part of the chance. This led to the Abstract Expressionist movement and using the concept of a drip or run to become part of the work. The mistake was the subconscious making the work. No use of logic, it happened therefore it was.

Surrealism used contrast and opposites or juxtaposition — putting one thing in an unfamiliar place. Example; an egg floating in the sea or a lead with the flag of Texas.

The surrealist use of symbols and signs were also a stylistic trait. Dali and Magritte excelled in their use. Of course they never discussed their meanings.

Surrealism’s use of the subconscious and dreams led to many major styles of art like the Abstract expressionist, the Minimalist and even the Pop Artists.

In summary — dada began because 1) artists and poets saw Europe coming apart 2) The loss of jobs, World War 1, hate and 3) dissolution of belief and faith. They believed that Europe got this way because they reasoned and used logic to fix everything. there by forgetting the small things in everyday life and their meanings. People had lost the ability to feel or dream – use their subconscious to guide them in the world much like primitive man had done or so they thought. The problem was that if they made an art about nothing, that meant nothing, how could they sell nothing? They enjoyed Humour and the visual pun but if those puns have no real meaning? What good is it? What good is art in the end if it means nothing to anyone? And there in lies the problem, we are human and humans place meaning on everything therefore symbols and signs, the very ones that the surrealists and Dadaists used in their work. I question whether or not they knew this and ignored it to make their movement work. Dali was the most prominent surrealist artist and also maybe on of the most wealthy. He worked in art, drama, theatre and fashion making jewelry. He never bothered to explain his work and some thought him to be very close to crazy. He was egotistical and prone to going off the deep ends of things just for the shock effect. He was also married to the same woman for years and he completely adored her. She was his muse and his model. She also managed him and his financial affairs.

Kurt Swchitters

Magritte

Giorgio de Chirico Giorgio de Chirico

S urrealismo

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Jason Borromeo, Against All Authority

Salvatore Dali DALISD T. Gengenbach an Australian painter 1940 Can Intense HORROR be surrealistic as in May 1st by Goya. Here he documents an execution.

Another type of horror? The Persistence of Memory, Dali Salvatore Dali Dali Dali

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Vladimir Kusk calls his style Metaphorical Surrealism www.spiritofspider.com/2011/11/vladimir-kush-metaphorical-surrealism/ Student work from Rootstown, Ohio V.K. V.K.

Symbols in Surrealism

DAli?? Steven Kenny Steven Kenny? ? DuChamp R. Magritte student work?

Dorothea Tanner Dorothea Tanner Alfresco, Jim and Lynn Lemyre Red Flight, Jim and Lynn Lemyre Quiet, Jim and Lynn Lemyre ?